Dé Sathairn 12 Eanáir 2013

Ceacht 4 - Aon Scéal?

Ceacht 4        Aon scéal ‘at?/Any story?

                                                                            Ayn shkayl ot? 

Begin each lesson with greetings

A. Dia duit.
B. Dia ‘s Muire duit.
A. Aon scéal ‘at?    ayn shkayl ot     Any story (news)?
B. Diabhal scéal mura bhfuil scéal agat fhéin. jowl shkayl mura wil shkayl ot hayn
Divil a story (not a one) unless you have one yourself.

4.1 Useful expressions for the classroom

 

Tuigim                                                    tigum                           I understand
Ní thuigim.                                          nee higum                   I don’t understand
Cad is brí leis?                                  cod is bree lesh            What does it mean?
Abair arís(t) é, led thoil.                 obur ureesh eh, led hul   Say it again, please.
Labhair go mall              lower (rhymes with tower) gu mol             Speak slowly.
Dáiríre?                                            dawreeru                                   Really?
Cén leathanach, led thoil?            kayn lahunoch led hul        What page, please?
Rinne mé dearmad air.                  ri ne may dar mid er          I forgot it.
Níl ‘fhios agam.                                 neel is ogum                     I don’t know.
Tuigim anois.                                 tigum unish                      I understand now.

                                                           

4.2.1                     Verb           Briathair           To Be              Bhfuil

Past Tense      bh►v sound


Bhí mé                                     I was               Bhíomar                      We were
Bhí tú                                      You were        Bhí sibh                       You were
Bhí sé                                      He/ It was       Bhí said                       They were
Bhí sí                                       She/It was
The verb is – Bhfuil will
Past Positive- Bhí vee
Past Question -An raibh? on row (rhymes with now) or on rev

Past Negative – Ní raibh nee row or nee rev


4.2.2 Verb practice
Past tense of To be Bhí (positive) Ní raibh (negative)

You will need this vocabulary for practice:
ceart             kyart       right
mícheart            meechyart        wrong
tuirseach           tirshoch      tired
tinn             teen          sick
bocht         bucht       poor
in am        in om            on time
déanach    daynoch        late


Examples/ Samplaí:
Bhí mé ceart. Bhí tú mícheart.
Make questions and answers with these.
A. An raibh tú micheart? B. Ní raibh. Bhí mé ceart.
A. An raibh sé mícheart? B. Bhí. Bhí sé mícheart. etc.

4.3 Am / Time

4.3.1                Seachtain        A Week

An Luain        on looun      Monday
An Mháirt      on waw irt      Tuesday
An Céadaoin   on kaydeen     Wednesday
An Déardaoin     on dayrdeen   Thursday
An Aoine        on eene       Friday
An Satharn      on sahurn        Saturday
An Domhnach on dohnoch        Sunday

Cultural note:
An Céadaoin means The First Fast, An Aoine means The Fast and An Déardaoin means Between Two Fasts
(Thanks to Dennis for that information ☺)

4.3.2 Time Practice

Inné     inyay        yesterday
Inniu    inyoo      today
Amárach  ahmawroch      tomorrow
Cén lá a bhí ann inné? Kayn law a vee on inyay What day was it yesterday?
Cén lá é?   kayn law eh?  What day is it?
Inniu an ….. inyoo on … Today is…
Cá ndeachaigh  tú inné? kaw rev too inyay Where did you go yesterday?
Chauigh mé go …. chua may gu… I went to …
Cá bhfuil tú ag dul anois? kaw will too eg dul unish Where are you going now?
Tá mé ag dul go dtí an … taw may eg dul gu dee on … I am going to the …
Siopa  shupa  shop
Cá bhfuil tú ag dul amárach? kaw will too eg dul amoyroch  Where are you going tomorrow?



4.3.3 Na míonna

Eanair  anur   January 
Feabhra  fyowru   February 
Márta mawrta March 
Aibreán abrawn April 
Bealtaine byoltunu  May 
Meitheamh mehuv June 
Iúil ool July

Lúnasa loonusa August 
Meán Fomhair myan fore (4) September 
Deireadh Fomhair dera fore (4) October 
Samhain sowin (sow rhymes with now) November 
Nollag nulug December


4.3.4 Dates

Cén dáta é?   keyn dawtu eh     What date is it?
Inniu an… inyu on… Today is the…

Learn the dates from:
http://quizlet.com/11714389/dates-in-irish-flash-cards/

Breithlá  brehlaw Birthday
Rugadh mé an ……………. rugoo may on … I was born on the …
Tá breithlá Shinéad ann inniu. taw brehlaw hinayd on inyu It’s Sinéad’s birthday today.
Breithlá shona dhuit! brehlaw huna ghit Happy birthday to you!


 

4.4       Questions for conversation               Ceisteanna do chómhrá

Cé hé tusa?                    kay hay tusa          Who are you?
Cé as thú?                      kay os hoo       Where are you from?
Cé as thú féin?              kat os hoo fayn          Where are you from yourself?
Cén t-am é?                   kayn tom eh          What time is it?
Cén lá é?                       kayn law eh          What day is it?
Cén dáta?                      kayn dawta          What date?
Cén aois thú?               kayn eesh hoo           What age are you?

 

4.5 How is it? Cén chaoi bhfuil sé?

 

Adjectives                   Aidíochtaí
te               te      hot,                   fuar       foor           cold,
mór           mohr       big,             beag       beog          small,
go maith    gu mo      good,        go dona      gu dunu     bad,
ard           ord        high,               íseal      eeshul           low,
gnóthach     guNOhoch    busy, saor      sayr            free,
lán          lawn         full,                folamh  fuluv           empty

Samplaí:
Tá an tae fuar. taw on tay foor The tea is cold.
Tá an mála mór. taw on mawla mohr The bag is big.
Tá an bosca folamh. taw on busku fuluv The box is empty.
Tá mé lán. taw may lawn I am full.
Mise freisin.    mishe freshin           Me too.

 

4.5.1 More fodder for conversations 

Cén chaoi bhfuil…? kayn chuee will… How is /are…?
D’obair? dubur Your work?
Do chlann? du chlon Your family?
An bia? on beea The food?
An turas? on turus The trip?
An scoil? on skul The school?
Do chairde? du chorde Your friends
Do shaol? du heel or du hayl Your life?

 

4.6   Ancient Culture

Celtic Festivals and the Calendar
 
The Celtic year was divided into two halves, the dark and the light.

1. Feb.- The Festival of Imbolc                   (Im bulk) A time of lambs and new life.
2. May -  The Festival of Bealtaine   (Biyaltineh, the fire of Bel).
The beginning of Summer. Fires were lit on hills all over the country.
3. August – The Festival of Lúnasa (Loonasa, the moon).
A Harvest Festival.        Fires were lit by moonlight.
4. Nov/Oct. The Festival of Samhain  (Sowin _ sow rhymes with now).
The beginning of Winter. Hallowe’en comes from Samhain.
They were all fire festivals and the festivals lasted for three days.

These quarters were again divided by the solstices and equinoxes, which were known as the four Albans.
December 21,       Winter Solstice,     the shortest day of the year
March 21              Spring Equinox,     equal day and night
June 21                 Summer Solstice,    the longest day of the year
September 21,      Autumnal Equinox, equal day and night

4.7  Some Ancient Sites of Interest

Visit www.pbs.org/wnet/ancientireland/ to find out more.

1. Newgrange                 Co. Meath
2.Uisneach                     Co. Westmeath
3.The Hill of Tara          Co. Meath
4. Dun Aengus               Co. Galway The Aran Islands
5.The Cliffs of Moher    Co. Clare

4.8  The Irish Mythological Cycle The 2nd Invasion – The Nemedians

Tuan, son of Starn who was the brother of Partholon saw the arrival of the next group of invaders, the Nemedians. One night after they arrived Tuan was magically transformed into a deer as he slept. He went through various transformations through the years becoming a deer, a boar, an eagle, and finally a salmon. The chieftain Cairill’s wife ate him while he was in the shape of a salmon. Tuan was then was reborn from her as Tuan mac Cairill. Tuan related the stories of the early invasions of Ireland that come down to us.

During the time their occupation of Ireland of the Nemedians cleared 12 plains and four new lakes were formed. Like the Partholonians they came from the west and landed on the western shores of Ireland. The Fomorians camefrom their northern islands to fight the new inhabitants. The Nemedians won three battles with the Fomorians, however each time they suffered great losses. Following these battles they were struck by a plague that killed more of their men, including their leader Nemed.

The Fomorians took advantage of the weakened state of the Nemedians and demanded 2/3 of their corn, milk and that their children  be paid every Samhain eve. The Nemedians fought the Fomorians again. Only one ship of Fomorians survived. Some Nemedians, partly from fear of the possible return of the Fomorians and partly from fear of plague, left Ireland. Those Nemedians who stayed were all killed. The departed survivors then became the ancestors of the next two groups of invaders, the Fir Bolg and the Tuatha de Danaan.

4.9 Ancient Writing    Ogham Writing Review    Ogham Letters

A way to remember the order of letters:
Think of the Braveheart scene where the Irish were hired to fight against the Scottish but it was a bluff. The gangs of Ireland rushed over but fought for Scotland. So Eire (Ireland) explains that to a son of Scotland. Think of starting looking down but then raising your head and looking up and then crossing over to the over side and leaning right into the battle and then standing straight at the end of the battle.


Mnemonic to remember the consonants
1. Had to come quickly (HDTCQ)
2. Believe, son. (BLVSN)
3. My gangs run (MGNgZR)


See if you can write you name in Ogham on the line below:
__________________________________________________________

Bonus
Review time with Liam O Maonlaí
Sit back, listen and read along if you wish  but don’t forget to say the sounds in Irish aloud.

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